Astrophysics is the discipline that studies all the important aspects related to heavenly bodies, galaxies and universe. these properties are examined by applying the combination of physics and chemistry. broadly defined characteristics that are mainly studied under this area of study include chemical composition, luminosity, density and temperature. it also covers properties related to dark matter and black holes. observational astrophysics is concerned with recording data related to quantitative implications whereas theoretical astrophysics measures data related to physical models. the aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. the case studies included herein will serve as an excellent guide to develop a comprehensive understanding of astrophysics. it will provide comprehensive knowledge to the researchers, students and experts associated with modern astrophysics.